Acyl CoA binding protein (ACBP) encoded by DBI is a tissue hormone that limits autophagy in multiple cell types, hence acting as an extracellular autophagy checkpoint. We recently reported in Molecular Cancer that monoclonal antibodies neutralizing ACBP improve immunosurveillance of breast and lung carcinomas. Moreover, ACBP neutralization improves the outcome of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy with PD-1 blockade in preclinical models.