, The Mauritanian parliament enacted a law in 2003 against the trade of persons and organs, but it did not mention slavery. ** "See also

, Action pour le Changement, Hassaniya-Berbers, Further Reading: Cotton, Samuel, Silent Terror: A Journey into Contemporary African Slavery, 1998.

U. Ruf and . Peter, Ending Slavery: Hierarchy, Dependency and Gender in Central Mauritania, 1999.

O. Maouloud, . Mohammed, B. Bä, and . «l'esclavage-en-mauritanie, mythes ou réalité », Revue Société africaine et diaspora, n° 11, L'Harmattan, 1999.

. El-arby-ould and . Saleck, Les Haratins : le paysage politique mauritanien, 2003.