The complete chloroplast genome of Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P.F. Hunt et Summerh. (Orchidaceae:Orchidoideae) was assembled and characterized using next-generation sequencing data. The plastome (154,108 bp) possesses the typical circular structure consisting of a large single-copy region (LSC; 83,196 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC; 26,580 bp), and two copies of inverted repeats (17,752 bp each). Its overall GC content is 36.99% and the plastome encodes 134 genes. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships using complete plastome sequences of Orchidaceae representatives showed that D. majalis was nested within the Orchidoideae tribe Orchideae. The complete plastome comprises a valuable tool in elucidating taxonomic uncertainties within the genus Dactylorhiza.